Experienced doctors know that it most frequently reveals high pressure, the causes of hypertension and how is dangerous.Most elderly face a similar problem.Distinguish between primary and symptomatic arterial hypertension.In the last case, the pressure increases at the bottom of somatic pathology.
The causes of hypertension
The causes of hypertension are different.This is a pathology in which the pressure exceeds 139/89 mm rt. Art.The following risk factors are known:
- hereditary predisposition;
- Excess in the salt diet;
- abuse of fatty foods;
- Atherosclerosis of arteries;
- diabetes mellitus;
- Pheochromocytoma;
- dyslipidemia;
- central nervous system diseases;
- brain tumors;
- renal pathology;
- primary hyperaldosteronism;
- Parathyroidism;
- thyrotoxicosis;
- endocrine disorders during menopause;
- Kon syndrome;
- Aorta valve failure;
- taking drugs;
- alcoholism;
- smoking;
- poisoning with heavy metal salts;
- The use of hormonal contraceptives.
High blood pressure is more frequently detected in men and women over 55 years.A disease such as hypertension is often developed in people with excess body weight.The causes of the increase in pressure include constant stress, the effect of vibration and noise, violation of the daily regime and low physical activity.
The increase in pressure is based on the narrowing of the arteries or an increase in the volume of circulating blood.Nervous and endocrine systems play an important role in regulating the tone of blood vessels.The basic risk factor eliminated can improve the patient's condition.With persistent hypertension, blood pressure does not fall for a long time.
Hypertension for pheochromocytoma
Hypertension at an early age is often associated with endocrine pathology.The pheochromocytoma is often diagnosed.This is a tumor formed from the brain substance of the adrenal glands.This pathology occurs with a frequency of 2 cases for 1 million people.Each tenth patient is a child.With the pheochromocytoma, the secondary form of arterial hypertension develops.
It is found in 90% of patients.High pressure at an early age at the bottom of the pheochromocytoma is due to the production of a catecholamine tumor.These hormones include adrenaline and norepinephrine.They are vasoconstrictors.These hormones reduce vessels, thus increasing pressure.With the outdoor location of the tumor, hypertension can be badly expressed.
The pressure increases in arteries and veins at the same time.In the context of pheochromocytoma, cardiac function is disturbed.The pulse is more frequent with greater pressure.Hypertension is detected every day or periodic.Often, the pressure reaches 250-300 mm Hg.Hypertonic crises often occur.
The cause of primary hyperaldosteronism
The causes of arterial hypertension include improved mineralcorticoid products.This condition is called primary hyperdosteronism.Aldosterone is the hormone of the adrenal cortex, which implies the maintenance of the metabolism of the salt of the water in the body.This pathology is primary and secondary.The following reasons for the development of hyperaldosteronism are known:
- loaded inheritance;
- malignant arterial hypertension;
- narrowing of renal arteries;
- heart failure;
- Barter syndrome;
- cirrhosis;
- loss of sodium as a result of a hard diet;
- Strong blood loss.
An increase in pressure in this endocrine pathology is due to several mechanisms.The following factors participate in the development of hypertension:
- Hyperproduction of vasopressin, catecholamines, Acth, mineralcorticoids and endothelina;
- greater sensitivity of arteries and heart to hormones with a hypertension effect;
- greater resorption of water and sodium;
- fluid retention;
- an increase in the volume of circulating blood;
- reinforcement of the heart output;
- The total peripheral resistance of the arteries increased.
Increased pressure in humans with hyperaldosteronism is combined with cardialgia, headache, decreased visual acuity, paresthesia, muscle weakness, edema and seizures.In the primary form of the disease, blood pressure can increase slightly.With secondary hyperalderonism, it is very high.Diastolic blood pressure often exceeds 120 mm Hg.Art.It can decrease and increase again.
The cause of kidney disease
The reasons for increasing blood pressure include renal pathology.It can be glomerulonephritis, amyloidosis, chronic pyelonephritis, diabetic nephropathy, nephrolithiasis, tuberculosis and hydronephrosis.There are parenchymal and renovascular forms of renal hypertension.
The increase in heart pressure in this case is symptomatic.It is observed in the last stages.Why does blood pressure increase with renal pathology?Not everyone knows.The causes are congenital anomalies in the development of blood vessels, hyperplasia of the walls of arteries, compression, embolism, inflammation, cyst and function of deteriorated glomeruli.
Not everyone knows why blood pressure increases with kidney disease.The most common reason is atherosclerosis of arteries.This occurs with a decrease in the diameter of the container by more than 70%.In such people, blood pressure exceeds 160/100 mm Rt. Art.Symptoms such as head pain, nausea and swelling are possible.What the clinical image depends on what not everyone knows.The symptoms are determined by the underlying disease.The increase in blood pressure of renal etiology is always combined with a change in urine.
Atherosclerotic lesions of the vessels
With an increase in blood pressure, the cause of often lies in atherosclerosis.Both an adult and a teenager can suffer this ailment.The reason for the increase in blood pressure is a decrease in arteries light due to the growth of atherosclerotic plates.The following risk factors for the development of this pathology are known:
- rape of fat metabolism (dyslipidemia);
- elderly;
- incorrect nutrition;
- obesity;
- smoking;
- low motor activity;
- poisoning.
Very often, atherosclerosis occurs in the context of unbalanced nutrition.The excess of fats and animal carbohydrates causes the deposition of low and very low density in the inner wall of the vessels.Fat points are formed.The vessels are damaged, the blood flow rate decreases.Soon, connective tissue grows and calcium salts are deposited.The plains become dense and overlap the container.
The cause of high blood pressure is in a decrease in the elasticity of the arteries.Atherosclerosis is a common cause of high pressure at an early age.The reduction of blood pressure in this disease is difficult to achieve.Atherosclerosis and hypertension are often combined with each other.Together with high blood pressure, symptoms such as nausea, head and chest pain, limb numbness and cramps are observed.In severe cases, pressure can increase to critical values.
Irrational nutrition
High pressure causes can be associated with malnutrition.Hypertension may appear in people who are abundantly salty food.The standard of consumption is no more than 4.5 g.Risk factors are the use of pickles, french fries, smoked meats, salty cookies, food suction after cooking.If you constantly eat badly, then hypertension can develop.
The negative effect of salt on the vessels is on the spasm of the arteries and fluid retention.Not to take risks, you should eat well.It often increases pressure on people who prefer fatty foods.Negatively affect the vessels of animal lipids.They are found in large quantities in sausages, pork, lamb, beef, sour cream, cream, mayonnaise, egg yolk.
Palma and coconut fats seriously affect vessels.Hidden lipids are contained in confectionery.Hell can increase when eating in excess, abuse with fatty dishes, non -complex with the interval, irregular nutrition.It was established that large intervals between food meals improve fat formation.
Overweight, heart and blood vessels suffer.Each additional kilogram can cause an increase in pressure in 2 mm Hg.Art.Open people are at risk in hypertension.The reason for the increase in heart pressure in the context of malnutrition can be atherosclerosis and diabetes.Fats are deposited on the walls of blood vessels, violating their cross capacity.Why the pressure in such people does not decrease, each experienced doctor is known.
Life
With hypertension, risk factors are associated with the incorrect way of life.This is a common concept, which includes the following aspects:
- Reduced motor mode;
- exposure to stress;
- smoking;
- alcoholism;
- constant stress;
- Incorrectly organized work and rest;
- Infuted sleep.
If the pressure lasts at a high level for a long time and cannot decrease, then the reason is often abused by alcohol.Alcohol leads to persistent narrowing of blood vessels.This is achieved thanks to the influence of the heart.If a person drinks for several days, this can increase blood pressure.Alcoholics develop persistent hypertension.
High pulse pressure is observed in smokers.The compounds included in the smoke lead to the spasm of the arteries and arterioles.If there is arterial hypertension, the causes may be in stress.During emotional experiences, the release of catecholamines in the blood intensifies.They increase the pressure in the temples and throughout the body.
This happens as a result of the activation of the sympathetic nervous system.By stimulating the parasympathetic department, the pressure falls.These are deleted risk factors for arterial hypertension.The causes of the increase in pressure include excess work and serious sleep disorders.The improved snoring leads to an increase in intra -abdominal pressure and vascular cramps.
The development of drug hypertension
Hell can be raised in the context of taking some drugs.Experienced doctors know not only the causes of hypertension and how to eliminate them, but also what medications can cause it.The following medications are little influenced by the vessels:
- adrenomimetics;
- sympathomy;
- oral contraceptives;
- tricyclic antidepressants;
- Glucocorticoids
With high heart pressure, reason is often found in the NSAID reception.These drugs inhibit the synthesis of prostaglandins and delay the liquid in the vessels.This leads to an increase in blood pressure.Nausea are possible.Very often, the pressure increases at the bottom of the oral contraceptive.These medications contain estrogens that stimulate the renin-angiotensin system.This is a factor that increases blood pressure.
Nervous System Pathology
If a person has vomiting, headache and high pressure, then the cause of the nervous system can be the cause.What can cause human hypertension, not everyone knows.High pressure can cause:
- encephalitis;
- acute brain circulation;
- meningitis;
- benign and malignant brain tumors;
- Hodo-cerebro lesions.
The reasons are a simple fall or blow.Risk factors include adolescence.The cause of the increase in heart pressure is a violation of the regulation of the tone of the blood vessels.This is the basis of hypertension development (primary hypertension).It depends on the work of the hypothalamus and the oblong brain if the pressure will decrease or increase.
The violation of nerve regulation occurs in the context of the effects of stressful factors.Discircle and dyskinetic syndromes are developed.The causes of hypertension are found in the change in the hormonal background.Violation of metabolic processes, a decrease in blood flow rate, increasing its viscosity: all this leads to a thickening of blood vessels and increases the resistance of the walls.Non -profitable hypertension develops.
Only a doctor can help those people.Hypertension risk factors include smoking and alcoholism.In combination with a violation of neurographic production, this leads to an increase in blood pressure.He needs to know not only for what happens hypertension, but also its manifestations.With this pathology, along with high blood pressure, nausea, dizziness, head pain, frequent pulse, noise in the ears and weakness are observed.
High pressure with VSD
Each experienced doctor knows what hypertension is, the cause of their occurrence and how is dangerous.A pathology is often detected as vegetative-vascular dystonia.With it, it is possible to alternate periods of fall and increase blood pressure.High pressure, combined with other activation signs of the sympathetic department, indicates an ATC for a hypertensive type.
A youth organism often faces this problem.The following reasons for the VSD are known:
- fetal hypoxia;
- generic lesion;
- emotional lability;
- neurosis;
- chronic diseases;
- cervical osteochondrosis;
- traumatic brain injuries;
- depression;
- hormonal restructuring;
- puberty.
High blood pressure can last a lot or be in the short term.Hypertension with dystonia is unstable.The pressure can decrease to normal values after eliminating the main launch factor.Hell can jump.This is observed with a mixed form of vsd.Vegetarian dystonia is manifested by high blood pressure (mainly systolic), headache in the neck, sweating, heart rate, insomnia, fast fatigue, dizziness, ears, limb cooling, decreased elimination and tremors.Nausea and fast pulse are possible.
Hypertension develops for several reasons.Subject to all medical recommendations, the pressure falls and the status of the person improves slightly.The treatment of symptomatic hypertension is aimed at underlying disease.Be sure to prescribe a medication that reduces blood pressure.Most of the time, ECA inhibitors, beta blockers or diuretics are prescribed.Ignoring the problem can lead to crisis, stroke, heart attack, organs and other complications.